The importance of international immigration is certainly a central socio-political issue in
Quebec. It poses equally significant challenges for Francophone minority communities
spread across Canada. In both cases, efforts are being made to encourage immigration
candidates who are fluent in the French language. An important question remains: where will
these Francophones come from? After having sketched an overall description of the vast
Francophone world, based on past and future trends, we examine the main elements that
make it possible to understand the phenomenal growth in the number of Francophones
particularly related to the socio-demographic dynamics observed on the African continent.